Table 5 Developmental Formative Evaluation: The Example of Pharmacotherapy for Alcohol Use Disorders (Section VI.B)
From: An introduction to implementation science for the non-specialist
| Key Barriers Identified (Exemplar Quote) | Resulting Implementation Refinements |
|---|---|
| Lack of time: “I don’t have time for this. Patients are not coming in asking to address their alcohol use. I’d be lucky to have 5 min to discuss this.” | • Condense educational materials. |
| • Make materials available through link in computerized record provider will already have open. | |
| • Present research demonstrating that brief conversations can reduce patient drinking levels. | |
| Do not perceive current system as problematic: “The system works fine as it is. We have great substance use disorder folks to refer them to.” | • Data to demonstrate that majority of patients do not follow through on referrals. |
| • Education on patient perspective: Patients that are not comfortable going to “addiction” or “mental health” clinic may address alcohol use as part of overall plan for improving health. | |
| Perceived lack of patient interest: “Patients are not going to be happy with me if I bring this up. They don’t want to talk about it.” | • Present patient interview results: Patients want more information and would accept this information from their primary care provider. |
| Lack of proficiency: “I was never trained to deal with addictions. This is not in my purview.” | • Comprehensive education and consultation from peer specialists. |
| • Stress impact of alcohol use on major diseases that they struggle to manage on a daily basis. |